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This paper seeks to ask the question: 'whose interests are being served by the laws purporting to regulate genetically modified organisms?' First of all, there are the interests of the seed/chemical multinational companies of which there are five dominant undertakings in this developing area of biotechnology. Tied in with these vested interests, and in the second instance, are those of trade and investment, and the innovation in science and technology, which such companies bring to the countries in which they invest. In the third instance, there is the European interest in the single internal market, in approximating rules, thus facilitating the free movement of genetically modified products between Member States.